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Bruce BartonA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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Like Jesus, Lincoln represents the paragon of great leadership in the book. Barton frequently utilizes anecdotes about President Lincoln to supplement the examples from Jesus’ life of executive principles. President Lincoln’s forbearance when treated with disrespect by General McClellan or Secretary of War Stanton is used to demonstrate how great leaders have “that superiority to personal resentment and small annoyances” (7) because they know that “pettiness brings its own punishment” (7), and they have more important work to do.
Barton uses Lincoln to exemplify “a man of outstanding genius” (15) from obscure origins who is assailed by doubts before his rise: “Inside himself he felt his power, but where and when would his opportunity come? Must he forever ride the country circuit . . . settling a community’s petty disputes?” (15). Lincoln is also compared to Jesus in being often misunderstood by his close associates. In Lincoln’s case, his Cabinet members were scandalized during a meeting in the tense years of the Civil War when the president read from a book by humorist Artemus Ward and laughed aloud. The president explained that laughter was like medicine to ease the strain under which he was laboring.
Lincoln’s representation of democracy, emancipation, and idealism is conveyed by Barton’s reference to his memorable Gettysburg Address, which is cited in the book as an example of concise language. Lincoln’s life was cut short as was the life of Jesus; Barton uses the analogy of Lincoln’s biography if it focused only on the details of his assassination to communicate how the telling of Jesus’ life story has overly emphasized the sad details of his final days, omitting his happier moments.
Barton repeatedly uses the description of muscles in The Man Nobody Knows to convey Jesus’ masculinity, physicality, and humanity. Barton points out that some readers may find it irreverent that he suggests that Jesus was physically strong because they think of Jesus as “a voice, a presence, a spirit” (38). However, for Barton, artistic depictions of “flabby forearms” (x) and being “under-muscled, with a soft face” (42) indicate the negative feminization of Jesus. Barton also associates a lack of muscle with corruption, as when he describes the “flabby” (37) priest colluding with the moneychangers at the Temple or Pilate’s cheeks “fatty with self-indulgence” (56).
A significant motif throughout the book is the Horatio Alger-like rise of small-town boys who achieve greatness. Barton portrays Jesus’ life as “the grandest achievement story of all!” when “stripped of all dogma” (9), in an echo of the American Dream of overcoming limited circumstances to fulfill one’s potential. He describes a present-day gathering of distinguished men who had experienced “the eternal miracle—the awakening of the inner consciousness of power” (11), which led them to the realization that they were greater than their obscure origins. At this luncheon, Barton notes, there was an international financier whose father had been a poor country preacher, a great newspaper proprietor who had arrived in New York from a tiny Maine village with less than a hundred dollars, the president of a worldwide press organization who had started as a copy boy in a rural newspaper office, and a man who had grown up in poverty in an obscure Welsh town to become a commanding British prime minister.
Barton points to several paragons of success throughout the text, drawing parallels to Jesus. His refers to figures such as Charles Evans Hughes, a Welsh immigrant’s son who became the governor of New York, a Supreme Court justice, and a prominent lawyer; George W. Perkins, who rose from being an office boy to becoming a leading insurance executive; and Henry Ford, who set out to build automobiles for Americans and amassed a fortune as a result.
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